Performing exercises on throwing hand fragmentation grenades. Technique for throwing grenades at a range

Techniques and rules for handling hand grenades. Storage and saving of hand grenades

Techniques and rules for handling hand grenades

When an explosive charge of a grenade explodes, the hull breaks into a large number of fragments, which hit the enemy’s manpower in a radius of up to 200 m (F-1 grenade). It is necessary to throw offensive grenades at a distance greater than the range to which the fragments fly apart, plus the distance that the attacker will travel from the moment of the throw to the moment of the explosion. During the flight of the grenade (3-4 s), the attacker, while running or at an accelerated step, can cover a distance of 10-15 m. Therefore, the grenade should be thrown at a distance of 35-40 m from a standing position.

In the classroom and exercises, grenade throwing is carried out at the command of the commander, and in battle - depending on the situation at the command or on their own. Throwing hand grenades in battle is carried out from various positions: standing, from a knee, lying down, as well as in movement from an armored personnel carrier and on foot (only offensive).

To throw a grenade, you need to choose a place and position that provide a free-of-flight grenade to the target (there are no obstacles in the way: tree branches, tall grass, wires, etc.).

Throw a grenade vigorously, giving it the most favorable flight path.

Throwing a grenade consists of the following techniques: making for throwing (loading a grenade and taking a position) and throwing a grenade.

Grenade loading is done by the command "Prepare grenades", and in battle, in addition, on their own.

For loading, it is necessary to remove the grenade from the grenade bag, unscrew the plug from the body tube and screw in the igniter. Grenade ready to throw.

Grenade throwing is performed by the command "Grenade - FIRE" or "By the trench, grenades - FIRE", and in battle, moreover, and independently.

To throw a grenade you need:
- take the grenade in your hand and firmly press the trigger lever to the grenade body with your fingers;
- continuing to press the trigger lever tightly, squeeze (straighten) the ends of the safety check with the other hand and pull it out of the fuse with the finger;
- swing and throw a grenade at the target;
- after throwing a defensive grenade, hide.

In this case, the weapon must be in a position that provides immediate preparation for action (in the left hand, in the "on the chest" position, on the parapet of the trench, etc.).

To defeat the enemy’s manpower located in a trench (trench) or in an open area, it is necessary to throw a grenade at an angle to the horizon of about 35-45 °, so that the grenade falls on the target hinged and rolls back to the side less.

When throwing grenades at the windows and doors of buildings (breaches in the walls), direct hits are required, so the path of the grenade should be aimed directly at the target.

Grenades entering the windows and doors of buildings are achieved through systematic and lengthy training. The throwing grenade needs to take cover after the throw, as if missed, it could be hit by shrapnel.

Grenade throwing standing still

When throwing grenades standing from a place you need to stand facing the target; take the grenade in the right (for the left-hander - in the left), and the weapon in the left (right) hand and pull out the safety pin; take a step back with your right foot, bending it at the knee, and, turning (as if spinning) the body to the right, make a grenade swing in an arc down and back; quickly straightening the right leg and turning the chest toward the target, throw a grenade, carrying it over the shoulder and releasing with an additional jerk of the brush.

The weight of the body at the time of the throw is transferred to the left leg, the weapon is energetically set back.

Grenade Throwing

When throwing a grenade while lying take a position for shooting while lying. Put your weapon on the ground and take the grenade in your right hand. With his left hand, pull out the safety pin and, resting his hands on the ground, push off from it. While pushing the right leg slightly back, stand on the left knee (without moving it from its place) and simultaneously swing. Straightening his right leg, turning his chest toward the target and falling forward, throw a grenade at the target; take weapons and get ready for shooting.

Throwing a grenade from a knee

When throwing a grenade from a knee, take a position for shooting from a knee. Holding a grenade in his right hand, and a weapon in his left, pull out the safety pin; make a swing with a grenade, tilting the case back and turning it to the right; rise and throw the grenade, carrying it over the shoulder and sharply bending at the end of the movement to the left leg.

Grenade Throwing in Motion

When throwing a grenade in step or run, you must: holding the grenade in your right half-bent hand, and arms in your left, pull out the safety pin; under the left leg, take out a hand with a grenade forward and down; at the second step (with the right foot), the hand continues to move in an arc downward backward with simultaneous rotation of the body to the right. In the third step, putting the left foot in the direction to the target on the toe and bending the right foot to the knees, end the rotation of the body and swing the arm. Using the speed of movement, and putting in succession the force of the legs, body and arms, throw a grenade, carrying it over the shoulder.

Throwing a grenade from a trench (trench)

To throw a grenade from a trench or trench, you must: put a weapon on the parapet, take a grenade in your right hand and pull out the safety pin; set aside the right leg (as far as possible), bending in the lower back and slightly bending both legs, take the right hand with the grenade up and back to failure; leaning on his left hand, straighten up sharply and throw a grenade at the target, and then take cover in a trench (trench).

Storage and saving of hand grenades

Grenades enter the troops in wooden crates. Grenades, handles and fuses are stacked separately in metal boxes in a box. For opening the boxes in the box there is a knife. On the walls and lid of the box there is a marking, which indicates the number of grenades in the box, their mass, the name of the grenades and fuses, the manufacturer’s number, batch number, year of manufacture and hazard label;

All stocks of grenades and fuses, except wearable, stored in the factory capping.

Grenades are carried in hand grenade bags.

Fuses are placed in them separately from grenades. In this case, each fuse should be wrapped in paper or a clean rag. In tanks, grenades and separately from them fuses are placed in bags.

Grenades and fuses are inspected without fail by military personnel before packing them in a grenade bag, when carrying grenades and fuses in a grenade bag for a long time, before loading a grenade.

During the inspection, attention is drawn to:
- the body of the grenade did not have deep dents and rusting;
- the fuse tube was not clogged and had no through damage;
- the fuse was clean and had no rust and bruises;
- the ends of the safety check were divorced and had no cracks in the bends.

Fuses with cracks and with a green coating are not suitable for use.

It is necessary to protect grenades and fuses from strong shocks, blows, fire, dirt and dampness. If they were contaminated, thoroughly wipe and dry in the sun or in a warm room, but not near a fire.

Grenades are dried under the supervision of military personnel.

Grenades stored for a long time in bags for grenades should be inspected periodically. Defective grenades and fuses are handed over to the warehouse for destruction.

Charge a grenade (insert fuse) is allowed only before throwing it.

Combat grenades may only be issued to military personnel trained in handling them.

To study the device of grenades, techniques and rules for throwing them, it is necessary to use training, training and simulation grenades and posters.

When handling and throwing training and simulation grenades, the rules provided for combat grenades are observed.

For many centuries, hand grenades were in service with the Russian army. They were successfully used by Russian soldiers in repelling the invasions of the enemy on our land. In modern combat, hand grenades are a reliable means of defeating the enemy.

The Soviet Army is armed with hand-held fragmentation grenades RGD-5 and F-1 (Fig. 71).

Appointment and combat properties of grenades

Hand-held fragmentation grenades are designed to destroy fragments of enemy manpower. When a grenade explodes, it forms a large number of flying fragments with sufficient energy to defeat manpower.

Hand-held fragmentation grenades are especially effective in close combat (when attacking, conducting combat in trenches, settlements, forests, mountains, shelters).

Depending on the range of the fragments, the grenades are divided into offensive and defensive. The combat properties of grenades are given in table. eight.

* (Throws only due to shelters, from a tank, infantry fighting vehicle, armored personnel carrier)

The device of the hand fragmentation grenade RGD-5

The RGD-5 hand-held fragmentation grenade (Fig. 72) is intended for use mainly in offensive combat. It consists of a housing, an explosive charge and a fuse.

Body serves to place a bursting charge and fuse tube. It consists of the upper and lower parts and includes the outer shell and liner, which serve to form fragments during the explosion of a grenade.

With the help of a cuff, a fuse tube is attached to the upper part of the casing, which serves to connect the fuse to the grenade and seal the bursting charge in the casing. To protect the tube from contamination, a plastic plug is screwed into it.

Bursting chargefills the case and serves to break the grenade into fragments.

Fuse UZRGM grenades (a standardized modernized hand grenade fuse) is designed to explode an explosive charge. It consists of a percussion mechanism and the actual fuse (Fig. 73). Fuses are always in a fighting position. It is strictly forbidden to disassemble them and check the operation of the shock mechanism.

The percussion mechanism serves to ignite the igniter capsule. It consists of a percussion mechanism tube, a connecting sleeve, a guide washer, a mainspring, a striker, a striker washer, a trigger lever and a safety pin with a ring.

The tube of the percussion mechanism is the basis for the assembly of all parts of the fuse. A connecting sleeve connects the fuse to the grenade body. The guide washer is an emphasis for the upper end of the mainspring and directs the movement of the striker; it is fixed in the upper part of the tube of the percussion mechanism. The mainspring is designed to communicate to the striker the energy necessary for tipping the igniter capsule; it is put on the drummer and its upper end rests against the guide washer, and the lower end - against the drummer washer. The drummer is used to prick and ignite the igniter capsule; It is placed inside the tube of the percussion mechanism. The striker washer is worn on the lower end of the striker and is a stop for the lower end of the mainspring. The trigger lever is designed to hold the hammer in the cocked position (the mainspring is compressed). A safety pin serves to hold the trigger lever on the tube of the percussion mechanism; it passes through the holes of the eyes of the trigger lever and the walls of the tube of the percussion mechanism; there is a ring for pulling it out.

Actually the fuse is designed to explode the explosive charge of a grenade. It consists of a retarder sleeve, an igniter capsule, a retarder and a detonator capsule.

The retarder sleeve in the upper part has a thread for connection with the tube of the percussion mechanism and a socket for the igniter capsule, inside there is a channel in which the moderator is placed, and on the outside there is a groove for attaching the detonator capsule sleeve. The igniter capsule is designed to ignite the moderator; retarder - to transfer fire from the igniter capsule to the detonator capsule, it consists of a pressed low-gas composition. The detonator capsule serves to detonate the explosive charge of a grenade; it is placed in a sleeve mounted on the bottom of the retarder sleeve.

Hand-held fragmentation grenade device F-1

The F-1 hand-held fragmentation grenade is used primarily in defensive combat. It consists of a housing, an explosive charge and a fuse. The body of the grenade is cast-iron, with longitudinal and transverse grooves, along which it usually breaks into fragments. In the upper part of the body there is a threaded hole for screwing in the fuse. During storage, transportation and transportation, a plastic plug is screwed into it.

The purpose and device of the explosive charge and the fuse of the F-1 grenade are the same as the RGD-5 grenades.

The work of parts and mechanisms of grenades

Before throwing grenades. Unscrew the plug from the tube, screw the fuse in place. Parts of the firing mechanism of the fuse are in the following position: the firing pin is cocked and held in the upper position by the trigger trigger fork connected to the tube of the firing mechanism by a safety pin. The ends of the safety check are divorced and hold it firmly in the fuse.

When throwing grenades. Take the throwing grenade in your hand so that the trigger lever is pressed with your fingers to the body of the grenade. Without releasing the lever, pull out the safety pin by the ring and throw the grenade at the target. When pulling the checks, the position of the parts of the igniter does not change, the drummer in the cocked position is held by the trigger lever, which is deobed from the connection with the tube of the percussion mechanism, but is pressed against it by fingers. When a grenade is thrown, the trigger lever detaches from the grenade and releases the firing pin. The drummer, under the influence of a war spring, strikes (punctures) the igniter capsule and ignites it. A ray of fire from the igniter capsule ignites the moderator (the remote part of the igniter) and, passing it, is transmitted to the detonator capsule. The capsule detonates and causes an explosion of the explosive charge of the grenade. The grenade body is torn, and the fragments fly apart.

Techniques and rules for loading and throwing hand grenades

Throwing a grenade consists of the following techniques: preparation for throwing (loading and assuming position) and throwing a grenade. In classes when throwing combat grenades, a steel helmet is put on.

Grenade loading is done by the command "Prepare grenades", and in battle, in addition, on their own.

For loading, it is necessary to remove the grenade with the left hand from the bag, and with the right hand unscrew the cork from the body tube (Fig. 74). Then, holding the grenade in your left hand, use your right hand to remove the fuse from the bag’s nest. Insert the igniter into the central tube and screw it into place. Grenade ready to throw.

Hand-held fragmentation grenades are thrown from various positions: standing, from the knee, lying down, as well as in movement from an infantry fighting vehicle (APC) and on foot (only offensive).

For throwing a grenade, a place is chosen and a position is taken so that it is possible to make a throw without interference, that is, so that there are no tree branches, tall grass, wires or other obstacles in the path of the grenade's flight.

Grenade throwing is carried out by the command "Grenade - FIRE", and in battle, in addition, on their own.

To throw a grenade, you need to take the grenade in your hands and firmly press the trigger lever with your fingers to the grenade body (Fig. 75); while continuing to press the trigger lever tightly, squeeze (straighten) the ends of the safety pin with the other hand; while holding the trigger lever in the pressed position, pull out the safety pin by the ring; swing and throw a grenade at the target (when throwing a defensive grenade, take cover immediately after the throw).

When throwing a grenade in step or run (Fig. 76), it is necessary to hold the grenade in the right half-bent hand and the weapon in the left to pull out the safety pin. With a step of the left foot, move the hand with the grenade forward and down; at the second step (with the right foot), the hand continues to move in an arc downward backward with simultaneous rotation of the body to the right; in the third step, putting the left foot towards the target on the toe and bending the right foot at the knee, end the rotation of the body and swing the arm. Using the speed of movement and putting successively the strength of the legs, body and arm into the throw, throw the grenade, carrying it over the shoulder.

To throw a grenade from a trench or trench (Fig. 77), you need to put a weapon on the parapet, take the grenade in your right hand and pull out the safety pin; to push (as far as possible) the right leg back; arching in the lower back and slightly bending both legs, take the right hand with the grenade back to failure; leaning on his left hand, straighten up sharply and throw a grenade at the target, and then take cover in a trench (trench).

To defeat the enemy’s manpower located in the trench (trench), it is necessary to throw a grenade at an angle to the horizon of about 35 - 45 °, so that the grenade falls into the trench along a hinged path and rolls less through the trench or rolls to the side.

Precautions for handling grenades

Grenades are carried in pomegranate bags (Fig. 78). Fuses are placed in them separately from grenades, with each fuse wrapped in paper or rags.

Before laying in a bag and before loading grenades and fuses must be inspected. The body of the grenade should not have deep dents or deeply penetrated rust. The fuse tube and fuse should be clean, free from bruises and rust; the ends of the safety check must be divorced and not have cracks in the bends. Fuses with cracks and a green coating cannot be used. When carrying a grenade, it is necessary to protect it from shock, shock, fire, dirt and dampness. Soaked and contaminated grenades and fuses must be wiped and dried under the supervision of a commander; you can not dry them near the fire.

Grenades and fuses are periodically inspected. Charge a grenade (insert fuse) is allowed only before throwing it. It is forbidden to disassemble combat grenades and eliminate malfunctions in them, carry grenades outside the bags (suspended by a ring of a safety pin), and also do not touch unexploded grenades.

Questions

1. Tell us about the purpose of the hand-held fragmentation grenades RGD-5 and F-1 and name their combat properties.

2. What are the main parts of the grenade RGD-5 and the fuse UZRGM.

3. In what sequence is the preparation of the grenade for throwing?

4. Show the sequence of grenade throwing techniques from a standing position.

5. Tell us about safety measures when handling grenades.

Despite the high complexity and technicality, grenade throwing today is not a common sports discipline, but it is often used by many trainers as an auxiliary exercise. At first glance, throwing seems simple and does not require additional skill, but neglect of training can lead to serious injury. In this article we will consider in detail the main subtleties of training in throwing a grenade, and also point out the main shortcomings of athletes in performing exercises.

Additional exercises

Extra exercises - this is where you should start before actively preparing for throwing a grenade. They make it possible to prepare the shoulder girdle for future loads, as well as engage those muscles and ligaments that often perform passive work.

As a result of this, the athlete manages to develop in himself all those necessary qualities in just a few workouts that will help give the grenade with the necessary inertia when pushing.

In professional and amateur sports, such exercises are divided into two main classes:

leading - help the athlete develop the necessary technique of movements during the throw;
developing - train the muscles and ligaments responsible for the power of the throw.

With the correct work of the trainer, such exercises provide an opportunity to develop in athletes:

flexibility;
coordination;
speed and agility;
mobility and strength of the shoulder joint.

For pre-training athletes use a lot of exercises. However, not many of them have found real popularity among trainers and their wards, since quite often the overly active involvement of passive muscles in the work leads to painful sprains.

However, safe exercises that do not cause muscle and ligament sprains are also known today.

To develop the flexibility and muscles of the shoulder joint, use the following exercises:

arms raised in front of you to the shoulders (with or without extra weight);
alternating dumbbell press from the chest up while standing or sitting;
circular movements of the hands (with or without weight);
arms to the sides with the torso tilted.

Coordination can be developed with:

body turns to the sides with the vertical position of the body;
alternating leg lifts parallel to the floor in a standing position;
lifting arms and legs above themselves in a lying position;
bending standing with arms set aside.

Improve speed-power qualities will help:

running from high and low start to acceleration (distances up to 20 m);
linear relay races with distances up to 15–20 m;
throwing a stuffed ball from behind a head with two hands;
throwing a stuffed ball at a target at a distance of up to 10 m.

Important!Each of the additional exercises should be performed for 4–5 sets and with no less than 3–4 repetitions.

Technique: sequence of elements

Like any other sports discipline, in grenade throwing there is not only its own performance technique, but also subtleties that distinguish it from other throwing disciplines.

Therefore, before embarking on the implementation of exercises in the general training process, it is imperative to study in detail each of the individual stages of its implementation.

Video: projectile throwing technique

Projectile holding

The correct grip of a grenade plays one of the key roles in giving the projectile the correct flight path, on which the final distance also depends.

There are two types of grips:

high center of gravity - the shell is taken by the athlete by the handle with four fingers so that the projectile supports fall on the little finger (bent and pressed to the palm);
fist- the projectile is compressed by all fingers, while its axis is directed perpendicular to the hand.

The first method among athletes is considered more preferable; it makes it possible to show good results for athletes with a developed hand. At the same time, the brush remains relaxed, so that the athlete during the throw can easily control the position of the grenade.

Fist grip is easier to perform and although it seriously enough enslaves the hand, but it gives untrained athletes the opportunity to show decent results. This is achieved by lengthening the throwing lever during such a grip.

Take-off run

During the run, the athlete reaches a certain speed, which is extremely important for giving the load the necessary inertia for a safe flight.

At this stage, the grenade must be at shoulder level, since only in this case a successful throw is possible. In addition, only at shoulder level can an athlete most effectively control the weight position during a push.

The run is divided into two main parts:

From start to check mark. The duration of this path is about 10-15 m (8-10 running steps). At this stage, the athlete gains the speed that he will need for an effective throw. Such a run should be accelerating, rhythmic, straightforwardly directed, without sharp jumps.
From the reference mark to the throw bar. The final part of the running track is no more than 5–10 m long (about 4–5 throw steps). Having reached the control mark, the athlete begins to prepare for the projectile throw. The countdown for the final throw is often started from the left foot, so when throwing a grenade it will be possible to give the greatest push force. With the step of the right foot before the throw, the athlete needs to give the direction of the throwing hand an optimal position that will help the load acquire the correct trajectory.

Final effort

This stage begins after the athlete reaches a vertical that is lowered through the base of the right foot to the left foot during the fourth step after the control mark.

The final effort begins after a forced rotation of the body position, so that the shoulders and pelvis are as parallel to each other as possible, and the hand with the grenade is perpendicular to the pelvis.

This position should occupy no more than one movement and be performed instantly by the athlete, otherwise the throw may not work. One of the most important elements of the final effort is the work of the left leg.

She should not:

to bend, as this is suppressed by the speed gained during the run;
take a slope of more than 60 ° to the projection of the BMTC (common center of mass of the body), as this leads to a sharp decrease in the strength of the future shock;
to go into confusion with the right, as this sharply reduces the power of throwing and range.

The final step in the final effort is to push the load. By this time, the athlete comes as close to the throwing bar as possible. At the same time, his body is maximally stretched and assumes the pose of a “bow thrower”.

In this position, the muscles of the shoulder girdle are maximally unbent, which gives the load when throwing additional inertia. With the correct position of the body, joint work of the muscles of the arms, back and legs is achieved, so effective throwing includes only the integrated work of all parts of the body.

The wrench has a maximum effect on the grenade. At this stage, the athlete sharply directs his hand forward, which helps to push the grenade into flight. At the same time, the position of the grenade during the push is quite important.

Did you know? Grenade throwing as a sports discipline arose in Europe in the 20s of the twentieth century. It was included in many comprehensive military sports preparations for training the general combat endurance of soldiers.

With the correct throwing technique, the elbow should go forward at shoulder level, and the projectile itself should bend at an angle of about 40 ° to the horizon.

Maintaining balance after a throw

Maintaining the vertical position of the athlete after the jerk is one of the no less important stages than the others. Loss of balance often leads to a fall in athletes, which often results in injuries.
In addition, in the world of athletics, loss of body balance is considered a technical defeat, which leads to non-recognition of the results achieved. After throwing, the athlete retains the general inertia of the body, so it is difficult for him to stand on his feet after a throw.

A sharp decrease in movement will help a quick transition from the left foot to the right. In this case, it is necessary to slightly point the sock to the left side - this creates a powerful inhibitory effect, which helps to instantly stop within one step.

Most often, athletes are given no more than 1–1.5 m for braking; if the boundaries of this segment are exceeded, the results are often not counted. Therefore, it is best to prepare for braking in advance, for this a throw is made at a distance of 2–2.5 m from the final braking point.

Important! Learning to maintain balance after a throw should take place along with the study of the entire throwing technique, since during training athletes develop a persistent habit that can hardly be corrected in the future.

Otherwise, the athlete during braking may experience a loss of balance, which is often compensated by hand swings. In the sports world, this is unacceptable and always leads to technical failure.

What affects throwing results

Not always excellent sports training of an athlete contributes to quick and instant sports results. The reasons for this may be a lot, since several indirect factors can affect the throwing distance of a grenade at once.

First of all, the results most often depend on the initial speed of the grenade, which the athlete sets. It is a consequence of the path of application of force and speed of passage of this path. Therefore, the longer the athlete acts on the grenade, the less time and effort it takes to go through a certain trajectory.

With a careful analysis of several grenade flight paths, it can be argued that the best results are observed for those athletes who manage to throw a projectile at an angle of 40 °. Therefore, the closer to this value the position of the grenade during the final push, the greater the distance it will be able to overcome.

This phenomenon is explained quite simply: from this angle on the projectile the earth’s gravity minimally affects, as well as atmospheric resistance. As a result, the load is affected by the minimum number of counter forces, which enables it to fly a great distance.

Common mistakes

Most often, when training athletes of any class, trainers encounter fairly common mistakes that reduce the effectiveness of training at times.

You should not be afraid of them, since they are a natural process of development of an athlete and his results. However, it is not recommended to neglect such manifestations, otherwise the athlete simply can be seriously injured.

Did you know? Throwing is one of the oldest sports disciplines. It was actively popularized even during the ancient Greek Olympic Games (VIII century BC. E.).

When throwing grenades, athletes make the following mistakes:

when the grenade is retracted, the throwing hand's brush drops below the shoulders;
uneven movement of the legs during acceleration (movement after);
high jump at the cross step;
sudden stop before the throw;
grenade throwing is carried out only with a brush, without using the strength of the shoulder girdle;
athlete rejection when throwing to one side;
lowering the elbow below shoulder level;
bending the knees when pushing the projectile.

The following recommendations will help to eliminate the main mistakes of athletes:

The push technique must be worked out stationary in front of the mirror, which will help the athlete to independently adjust the position of his body, as well as the muscles involved in the throw.
If your legs are late in a throwing step, your feet should be pushed forward, and your hips should be pulled apart.
If the athlete has problems with the step of the cross, he is shown an imitation of this element without a shell with a step and a run.
When the athlete slows down during a throw, his throw should be synchronized with the right foot, and the last movement should be transferred to the left.
If an athlete bends his knees before the throw, he must definitely work out his technique using additional weights (with two hands behind his head).

Throwing a grenade is a rather complicated sports discipline. Despite its outward simplicity, it requires the athlete to be seriously trained and to practice the casting technique for a long time.

Grenade throwing should definitely be included in all comprehensive physical training programs, as it can quickly develop strength, coordination and endurance in athletes.

One of the main sections of fire training is the training of military personnel throwing hand fragmentation grenades from different positions for different purposes. The conduct of hostilities at the initial stages of the first and second Chechen campaigns revealed a number of significant shortcomings in the training of the RF Armed Forces on this issue.

In the training of throwing hand grenades, three successive most important stages can be distinguished, which include:

the study of the material of the grenade and its combat properties;
study of safety requirements and rules for handling grenade;
learning the rules and mastering grenade throwing techniques from different positions and for different purposes.

The military should receive the initial information about the materiel of the grenade and its combat properties in a tactical training lesson as part of the familiarization with weapons samples and military equipment that are in service with the military unit. In this lesson, students get acquainted, including with mock-ups of hand-held fragmentation grenades, with techniques and rules for throwing them at range and accuracy from various positions, and finally, with their combat properties: mass of grenade and combat charge, throwing range, lethal radius fragments. During this lesson, the leader shows samples of hand grenades and reports their name, purpose, combat properties and application.

When the military personnel study safety requirements and rules for handling grenades, the occupation leader must pay the most attention to training subordinates to loading and discharging hand grenades.

The leader at the beginning of the lesson, using the mock grenade in the context, checks the students' knowledge of the general device of the grenade. He then explains that the loading of combat grenades is carried out under the supervision of the commander immediately before throwing on the command "Prepare grenades." On this command, the student charges the grenade, that is, screw the fuse into the grenade.

Showing the method of loading a grenade, the head of the class simultaneously explains that before loading a grenade, it is necessary to examine the grenade and the fuse. If the fuse is not freely screwed in, then no effort should be applied, as this may lead to an accident. A fully screwed-in fuse must be unscrewed from the grenade, wipe its tube and try again to screw into the grenade. If even after this the fuse is not screwed in freely, it is necessary to report to the head of the lesson and, at his command, attach another fuse to the grenade. Further, the head of the lesson explains and shows that a charged grenade fits when throwing while standing still and on the move - into a grenade bag, when throwing from a trench or other shelter - into a niche, onto a berm, etc.

After this, it is necessary to give each student a training grenade and a training fuse. The loading of a grenade should begin with an inspection of the grenade and fuse. At the same time, attention is drawn to whether there are deep dents and cracks on the grenade body and on the fuse, whether the tube of the grenade is clean, or if the ends of the safety pin are divorced. Defective grenades cannot be thrown.

After completing the inspection of the grenade, the students alternately report to the head of the lesson on the results of the inspection. Training for loading grenades should be carried out by elements (by division), for example:

according to the “do-it-time” account - take the grenade in the left hand with the fuse tube up, and with the right hand unscrew the cork (remove the cap);
according to the “do-two” account - with the right hand, take the fuse by the tube of the percussion mechanism and carefully screw the fuse into the grenade tube to failure. After the do-two count, the head of the lesson checks the correctness of loading the grenades by each student and corrects their mistakes.
on the do-three account - put the grenade in a grenade bag.

After making sure that all the trainees correctly loaded and placed the grenades in the grenade bags, the head of the lesson also teaches the discharge of grenades by elements. Having done several times loading and discharging a grenade into elements, the trainees perform techniques in general. The head of the lesson monitors the actions of the trainees and immediately corrects the mistakes made by them. In the first lesson, the head of the lesson can order the students to alternately perform loading (unloading) of the grenade, accompanying their actions with a brief explanation.

Training in techniques and rules for throwing grenades should begin with a model showing the leader of the lesson how to complete the technique as a whole, then showing, explaining and learning this technique at a slow pace by elements. In this case, the following sequence must be observed. First, learn to throw grenades at a range and accuracy from the most convenient position - standing still. After that, work out methods of throwing grenades at a distance from a position from the knee, lying down, on the go, due to various shelters (from the trench, from the corner of the building, etc.) and from the fighting vehicle. The method of throwing hand grenades on the go should be given the most attention, since this technique is the most difficult and is often used in battle.

After the trainees have mastered the individual elements, the elements are combined into groups, and then the reception as a whole is performed, first slowly, and then at a limited time.

To teach throwing hand grenades from a standing position, it is necessary to prepare a site or training site in advance. In this case, it is necessary to indicate with flags (pegs) a strip 10 m wide, in the middle of which at a distance of 20 and 40 m from the place for throwing grenades, set targets No. 8. It is advisable to set the pegs indicating the strip: white - every 5 m, red - through every 10 m. Around the target set at 20 m, three circles are drawn with a diameter of 1, 2 and 3 m. Three meters from the starting position on two posts at a height of 3 m, pull the rope.

Having arrived with the trainees at this training place and having checked their knowledge of the rules for handling hand-held fragmentation grenades, the head of the lesson is 5-6 meters ahead of the trainees so that they can see it from the side, and exemplarily shows how to throw grenades from a standing position from a place to a range (preferably not closer than 40 m) and accuracy (it is desirable that the grenade fell no further than 2-3 m from the target).

After this, the head of the lesson, repeating the show, should explain that learning the method of throwing a grenade from a standing position will be carried out according to the divisions in the following order:

according to the “do it once” account, stand facing the target, take the weapon (automatic, machine gun, etc.) in the left hand by the barrel grip, take the grenade out of the bag with your right hand, firmly pressing the trigger lever with your fingers firmly against the grenade body;
according to the “do-two” account - with the fingers of your left hand, straighten (bring together) the ends of the safety check and, holding the ring with your index or middle finger, sharply pull out the check;
according to the “do-three” account, take the right foot a wide step back (or the left foot forward), bending it at the knee and simultaneously turning the body to the right;
on the “do-four” account - with your right hand swing back and down in an arc;
according to the “do it-five” account - vigorously straightening the right leg and turning the right shoulder to the target, transfer the body weight from the right foot to the left and throw a grenade in the direction of the target, and energetically put the arm back.

After this, the head of the lesson needs to open the students to b-8 steps and give them the opportunity to independently test the implementation of the shown grenade throwing technique. As soon as the grenades are prepared for the next throw, you should begin to learn the technique of the elements, achieving their correct implementation. At the same time, it is necessary to draw the attention of the trainees to ensure that they do the “do-it-time” account firmly with their fingers firmly pressed the trigger lever to the grenade body, and the “do-five” account put in the grenade throw the muscle strength not only of the arm, but of the whole body and at the time of release of the grenade from the hand, which should coincide with the setting of the right foot on the ground and the transfer of gravity to it, a sharp jerk with a brush was made. The grenade should be thrown at an angle close to 45 °, which ensures the longest range of the grenade. To develop skills in throwing grenades at an angle of 45 °, the head of the lesson places the trainees three meters from the racks with a rope stretched between them and requires that the trainees throw grenades through the rope.

In the future, combining the elements among themselves, the head of the lesson achieves a continuous implementation of the grenade throwing technique from a standing position. After that, you can proceed to alternately throwing grenades. This not only provides the head of the lesson with the opportunity to control the actions of each student and observe the place of the grenade’s fall, but also allows the rest of the students to monitor the correct execution of the grenade throwing technique. Trainees at the same time throw a grenade at the target (target number 8) already at a certain range and accuracy. A grenade hitting a target or circle with a radius of 1 m is rated "excellent", in a circle with a radius of 2 m - "good" and in a circle with a radius of 3 m - "satisfactory".

In subsequent classes, training to throw grenades from a standing position from a distance to a range and accuracy continues on a target that is consistently set at distances of 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 m. If a student does not achieve positive results in throwing a grenade at an increased range, The head of the lesson gives him the opportunity to strengthen his skills in throwing a grenade at a shorter range. If there is not enough strength to throw a grenade to the target, then it is necessary to make a throw with a small run. Testing the reception of throwing a grenade from a standing position ends with completing the exercise of the Course of shooting from small arms, military vehicles and tanks of the Ground Forces - 2007.

Training in throwing hand grenades from a position from the knee, lying down, on the move, due to shelter, and also at night for various purposes is carried out in the sequence described earlier. These techniques become most relevant in the conduct of combat in a city (settlement) and, as experience in combat operations in the Chechen Republic has shown, are a weak point in the combat training of troops, which commanders of all degrees should pay close attention to.

It is advisable to divide the grenade throwing from a position from the knee into the following elements:

according to the “do-it-time” account - take a position for firing from an automatic machine gun (machine gun, grenade launcher) from the knee, take a weapon in your left hand; take the grenade from the pomegranate bag with your right hand;
according to the “do-two” account - pull out the safety pin with your left hand, pressing the trigger lever to the grenade;
according to the “do-three” account - to rise and simultaneously swing with a hand with a grenade, tilting the case back, turning it to the right and bending the leg at the knee (do this as when throwing a grenade from a standing position);
according to the “do-four” account - vigorously straightening the right leg, sharply turn left and, leaning forward, throw a grenade;
on the account "do - five" - \u200b\u200bto accept a position for shooting from a knee.

After the trainees master the technique of throwing grenades from a position from the knee in an open area, you should proceed to training in throwing grenades from a trench, ditch, funnel, because of the large stone, first at a slow and then at a fast pace.

The method of throwing hand grenades from a prone position is learned by the following elements:

according to the “do-it-time” account - take a position for firing while lying down, put a weapon in front of the right and remove the grenade from the grenade bag with your right hand;
according to the “do-three” account - lean your hands on the ground under your chest, push yourself off the ground, pushing your right foot back, stand on your left knee and on the foot of your right foot, at the same time swing your hand with a grenade, tilting the case back and turning it to the right;
according to the “do four” account - turning the chest toward the target and falling forward, throw a grenade;
on the “do-five” account - to press chest and face to the ground to avoid being hit by fragments; after the grenade burst (after 3 - 4 seconds) take a weapon and get ready for shooting.

The method of throwing hand grenades on the move is learned first on the go with a short stop, then on the go without stopping.

For classes, a plot of land is prepared on which a trench 1 m wide and 5 m long is opened; at a distance of 25, 30, 35, 40 m from the trench, the lines from which grenade throwing is made are indicated; at a distance of 50 - 60 m, the starting position is indicated.

Learning the method of throwing hand grenades on the go with a short stop, it is advisable to carry out the following elements:

according to the “do-it-time” account - while continuing to move, take a weapon in your left hand, take a grenade from your grenade bag with your right hand;
according to the “do-two” account - pull out the safety pin with your left hand, pressing the trigger lever to the grenade;
according to the “do-three” account (served under the left foot) - make a short stop at the step of the right foot, at the same time swing the arm with a grenade, turn the body to the right and bend the right leg at the knee;
according to the “do four” account - take a step with your left foot, sharply straightening your right foot and turning your chest energetically towards the target, throw a grenade;
on the do-five account - continue moving. Learning how to throw grenades on the go without stopping is done using the same elements as from a short stop.

In this case, the actions of the do-three and do-four account are combined into one element. Stopping on the step with the right foot is not done. According to the “do-three” account, using the speed of movement and putting successively the strength of the legs, body and arms into the throw, throw a grenade straight away.

The training of throwing hand grenades on the go is first carried out with a slow movement of the trainees, then the speed of movement gradually increases.

For training throwing hand grenades from behind the shelters, appropriate shelters are prepared and targets are set at various distances from them.

During training, the method of throwing grenades from a trench (trench) can be divided into the following elements:

according to the “do-it-time” account - put a weapon on the parapet and take a grenade in your right hand;
on the “do-two” account - pull out the safety pin with your left hand;
according to the “do-three” account, put the right leg back, transferring the weight of the body to it and slightly bending both togas, swing the arm with a grenade;
according to the “do-four” account - sharply straightening and transferring the weight of the body to the left leg, throw a grenade at the target.

With a large depth of the trench (trench), it is necessary to make a recess in the front wall of the trench and put the left foot into the recess according to the “do-three” count, grasp the berm of the trench with your left hand and push it against the back wall of the trench with your right foot.

Training in throwing hand grenades at night should begin after the trainees are well aware of the techniques of throwing grenades in the afternoon. At the same time, throwing techniques for illuminated targets are first worked out, then for silhouettes of targets and for unlit targets.

The training methodology and the rules for throwing hand grenades for illuminated targets and for silhouettes of targets are the same as in the afternoon. When throwing a grenade at targets illuminated for a short time, it is necessary to remember the position of the target at the time of the next lighting and throw the grenade at the intended place. Throwing grenades at unlit targets is made towards noise (sound) produced by the target.

When learning to throw hand grenades at vertical targets (windows and doors of buildings), it should be borne in mind that the defeat of the target is achieved only when the grenade hits the intended place directly. When the target is located at a considerable distance, it is necessary to “aim” at the upper edge of the target, since the grenade flies along a curved line, gradually decreasing. According to the embrasures of defensive structures and the windows of basements, it is more advantageous to throw a grenade across the side at a small angle to the surface of the earth.

To summarize the above, based on the experience of combat training of the Airborne Forces and personal experience in training and education of paratrooper soldiers, I want to note that only high military discipline, solid knowledge of the material part of grenades and strict observance of safety requirements by all categories of military personnel during classes on throwing hand-held fragmentation grenades leads to high results.

(A.V. Burlachenko, “Army Collection”)

In the classroom and exercises, grenade throwing is carried out at the command of the commander (class leader), and in battle - depending on the situation at the command or on their own. Throwing a grenade consists of the following techniques: making for throwing (loading and taking the appropriate position) and throwing a grenade.

loading grenades. Grenade loading is performed by the command "Prepare grenades", and in battle, in addition, on their own.

To load a manual fragmentation grenade, it is necessary (Fig. 56) to remove the grenade with the left hand from the bag, and with the right hand to unscrew the cork from the body tube. Then, holding the grenade in your left hand, use your right hand to remove the fuse from the bag’s socket, insert it into the central tube and screw it into place. Grenade ready to throw.

Throwing a hand fragmentation grenade. Grenade throwing is performed from various positions: standing, from a knee, lying down,

as well as in movement from infantry fighting vehicles (BTR) and on foot (offensive only). For throwing a grenade, a place is chosen and a position is adopted so that it is possible to make a throw without interference, that is, so that there are no tree branches, tall grass, wires or other obstacles in the path of the grenade's flight.

Grenade throwing is carried out by the command "Grenade - Fire", and in battle, in addition, and independently.

To throw a grenade, you need to take the grenade in your hand and firmly press the trigger lever with your fingers to the body of the grenade (Fig. 57). Continuing to press the trigger lever tightly, squeeze (straighten) the ends of the safety check with the other hand; while holding the trigger lever in the pressed position, pull out the safety pin by the ring; swing and throw a grenade at the target (when throwing a defensive grenade, take cover immediately after the throw).

When throwing a grenade in step or run (Fig. 58), it is necessary to hold the grenade in the right half-bent hand, and the weapon in the left, to pull out the safety pin. With a left foot step, move the hand with the grenade forward and down. At the second step (with the right foot), the hand continues to move along the arc down and back with the simultaneous rotation of the body to the right. In the third step, putting the left foot towards the target on the toe and bending the right foot at the knee, end the rotation of the body and swing the arm. Using the speed of movement, successively put the legs, body and arms into the throw, throw the grenade, carrying it over the shoulder.

To throw a grenade from a trench or trench (Fig. 59), you need to put a weapon on the parapet, take the grenade in your right hand and pull out the safety pin; to push (as far as possible) the right leg back; arching in the lower back and slightly bending both legs, take the right hand with the grenade back to failure; leaning on his left hand, straighten up sharply and throw a grenade at the target, and then take cover in a trench (trench).

To defeat the enemy’s manpower located in the trench (trench), it is necessary to throw a grenade at an angle to the horizon of about 35–45 ° so that the grenade falls into the trench along a hinged path and rolls less through the trench.

Throwing a manual anti-tank (cumulative) grenade. Throwing a grenade consists of the following techniques: making for throwing (loading a grenade and adopting an appropriate position) and throwing a grenade. Grenade loading is performed by the command "Prepare cumulative grenades", and in battle, in addition, on their own.

Throwing anti-tank grenades is carried out from a standing position and from a knee (from a lying position, rising to a knee) only because of vertical shelter or from a trench, funnel, etc.

Given the weight of the anti-tank grenade, the swing should be done more calmly, and the throw should be performed at a smoothly increasing speed. The throw is made with great force along a flat trajectory. Throwing a grenade, you must immediately take cover, not expecting it to hit the target or fall to the ground.

1. In what sequence is the preparation of a hand fragmentation grenade prepared for throwing?2. Show the sequence of grenade throwing moves in and out of the trench (trench).3. What are the features of throwing a manual anti-tank grenade?

Pre-draft preparation: a textbook for 10-11th cells. institutions total wednesday education with Russian. lang training / V. B. Varlamov. - 3rd ed., Revision. and add. - Minsk: Adukatsy i vykhavanne, 2012 .-- 328 p. : ill.